ABG

The Post Building development completely remodels the former Royal Mail Sorting Office located on New Oxford Street in Central London into modern Grade A offices, with street level retail and restaurant space along with rooftop gardens, terraces, and leisure areas. The project received a prestigious RIBA London Award in 2022 and the main roof terrace is open to the public, providing panoramic views over the city. In order to gain planning approval, the development had to be repurposed in line with the ‘SuDS manual’ best practice guidance to minimise surface water run-off in the event of a storm and in order to meet the maximum discharge consent limits set by Thames Water.Basement SuDS storage is expensive and often impractical to achieve in city centre locations. ABG’s blueroof system was therefore chosen as an easy to install alternative to provide stormwater attenuation at roof level. The system is installed across three main roof areas and includes 14 restrictor chambers positioned above rainwater outlets to limit the outflow rate. The system is calculated to control stormwater in the event of a 1 in 100 year storm, based on the local Flood Studies Report (FSR) rainfall data, plus 30% allowance for climatic change.The roof design incorporates a variety of surface finishes, including a resin bound play area, biodiverse green roof areas and paved & decked terraced areas. The roof also includes solar PV arrays and planters supported on top of the blue roof.The ABG blueroof system drains like a normal roof during everyday rainfall events, but throughout the critical design storm periods restricts stormwater run-off, continuously releasing rainwater at a controlled rate until empty.The discharge rate is site specific and forms part of the scheme wide SuDS plan, and means that other downstream measures are not required. The scheme also included sedum green roofs to improve site biodiversity across two further areas.ABG provided project design calculations and all blue roof materials required for the different roof levels, plus our installation service.

The former Royal Mail owned building at 160 Old Street, London, utilises 'blue roof' SuDS attenuation and biodiverse roofs and/or composite decking, retrofitted on 16 out of 29 different roof zones across multiple levels.The ABG blueroof system was specified to slow surface water run-off during key extreme rainfall events, in line with planning consent requirements for the provision of SuDS. The roof level storm water attenuation system was deemed the most cost-effective solution for the restricted urban site and avoided the need for an expensive and carbon intensive basement attenuation tank. 

Moreland Primary School is a purpose built school, nursery and Children's Centre requiring a multipurpose usable outdoor space. Due to lack of space, the ground attenuation tanks planned would reduce site storage and limit access to other trades, therefore delaying the project, The challenge was to develop a storage/discharge system which wouldn't impact the project and be sensitive to the local biodiversity action plan. ABG designed a versatile Blue Roof System removing the need for attenuation tanks and allowing the roof finishes required. ABG bio-diverse roof system helped maximise the BREEAM credits laid out in the action plan

The new six storey HSBC building at No.1 Charter Square in Sheffield utilises ABG’s blueroof system to meet the National Planning Policy Framework and the site's Flood Risk Management Policy. Attenuation for the building is provided at roof and street level, comprising void formers constructed within the roof and streel level structures to temporarily attenuate storm water, before gradually releasing it over a number of hours via the ABG restrictor chambers.At street level the system was installed underneath the surrounding walkways and access routes to restrict discharge rates at ground level, including a large landscaped podium deck area above a service yard where heavy duty void formers were used in the event emergency vehicle access is required.

The design in this project was to have a Green Roof and warm roof system The aim was to place standard green roofs which retains water but allows most of the rainfall to run into buried SuDS tanks. Following consultation with ABG the design was changed to the ABG Blueroof system. The primary advantage of the system is that utilising the roof construction for water storage reduced the need for underground attenuation tanks. The simplicity of the design allowed for attenuation capacity and green roof installation at the same time saving the client time and money.

The designer obtained consent under the latest SuDS regulations in the densely build area of London. Restriction on outflow rates to sewers demanded high attenuation. The original design for stormwater attenuation involved discharging tanks under the ground. This was expensive and took up valuable space, an alternative was required. ABG proposed their Blueroof system which could be installed directly on to the hot melt waterproofing system allowing various surface finishes. Due to height limitations a cascade system was used. Various roof finishes included paved access, landscaped areas and bio diverse to attract wildlife. This increased the potential for BREEAM points.

St James Quarter is an impressive new galleria retail shopping centre and residential development that rejuvenates a large area of the New Town in Edinburgh city centre. The site was formerly occupied by a dated 1960s era shopping precinct, and with the exception of the John Lewis store, all of these old buildings have now been demolished to make way for the new development. The £1 bn project creates 850,000 sq. feet of new retail space, with a capacity for 80 units focussed on high-end retail alongside the Bonnie & Wild’s Scottish Marketplace and Food Hall.Such a large city centre development is subject to strict planning conditions for the management of surface water. The Water Environment Regulations3 (CAR regulations, Scotland) require all surface water from new developments to be attenuated and treated by a Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS) before it is discharged into the water network. The aim of SuDS is to mimic natural drainage, encourage infiltration and attenuate hydraulic impacts to minimise downstream flood risk. Excavating underground storm water storage tanks to control surface water run-off was not possible since three levels of basement parking are incorporated beneath the retail centre. Even where possible, basement tanks are comparatively expensive compared to roof level attenuation systems, with high spoil disposal costs, increased safety risks arising from the excavation activities and a large carbon footprint incurred as a result of the number of additional site vehicle movements.The proposals for drainage and SuDS at the St James Quarter development were mainly focussed on the large 15,000m2 catchment area on roof level 5, with 4,734m2 of 80mm deep attenuation void capacity installed by ABG’s installation division ABG Installs. The blueroof system treats and restricts storm water that deluges onto the roof before it is gradually released over a number of hours via outlet control and filtration chambers to the underground drainage system.The attenuation and restrictor chambers on level 5 (east and west of the soon to open central circular W hotel building) and onto balcony areas 1 and 2 at the front and back of the upper apartment buildings, are supplemented with an additional of 2,280m2 of ABG Roofdrain geocomposite, installed at the base of rooftop planters to provide a connected drainage and irrigation / reservoir layer as part of the landscaping design.ABG calculated and designed the required attenuation capacity, including a new diffuser chamber solution to control water outflow at downpipes.

Located at the first locks of the Manchester, Bolton & Bury Canal, the second phase of the £1bn Middlewood Locks development in Salford delivers 546 apartments across 4 new buildings with private podium gardens. Phase 2 of the development is part of the wider mixed-use scheme to regenerate 25 hectares of brownfield land with new apartments, office space, a hotel, bars, restaurants, car parking and a gym.The large catchment area of the development discharges to the newly renovated balancing basins that service the confluence of adjacent canals and the River Irwell. An extensive podium drainage landscaping design was required to meet the site’s strict discharge limits and reduce the impact of surface water run-off to less than that of the pre-developed brownfield land.The ABG blueroof storm water attenuation system specified for the scheme covers over 9,500 m2 and restricts rainfall outflows to below the 16 l/s discharge limit on Plot G of the site and within the 20 l/s limit for Plot H. The system incorporates 27 ABG restrictor chambers above rainwater outlets which are configured to restrict outflow rates to within the discharge consents.The system is designed to attenuate a 1-in-100 storm event (data extrapolated from the local FEH 2013 flood report), plus 30% allowance for the effects of climate change. The geocomposite drainage and attenuation layers and network of restrictor chambers serve to filter surface water run-off pollutants to treatment train stage one of the SuDS process, meaning no other filtration measures are required. The top of the chambers are designed to sit flush with the porous resin paving surface, and different configurations and thicknesses of drainage composites were used to achieve the correct height of system to match the different surface levels. The ABG Deckdrain geocomposite layer provides multi-directional flow capacity to efficiently channel rainwater to the nearest restrictor chamber outlet whilst the integral geotextile filter helps to prevent the cuspated drainage core from becoming blocked.The choice of hard and soft landscaping materials specified for the development are of a very high standard and the inclusion of large areas of green spaces and substantial planting creates valuable new private gardens and amenity spaces for the area.The attenuation system configuration was designed and supplied by ABG and installed over a 6 month period by ABG Installs. As part of the storm water attenuation system design, a new restrictor chamber diffuser was developed to fit directly onto the downpipes of the apartment buildings. The attenuation voids were modified to allow for cable ducting to pass through them and a method was also developed to provide structural drainage beneath the concrete footings of the stone planter walls.

The 16,500m2 new Faculty of Social Sciences building is designed to meet the future growth demands of the department up to the year 2035 and creates a world class, BREEAM outstanding building that encourages collaboration and enhances the Faculty’s reputation for excellence in teaching and research.The landscape design for the new University of Sheffield building set out to create a large area of public realm on the social sciences campus, with provision for sustainable drainage systems including extensive use of tree pits and rain gardens. As part of the SuDS design specifications, a Blue Roof stormwater drainage system was considered as an alternative option to underground attenuation tanks to keep surface water run-off within the discharge consent.ABG were able to demonstrate that specifying a shallow Blue Roof attenuation layer involved much lower carbon emissions than excavating underground storage tanks.The volume of vehicle movements required to install underground stormwater attenuation compared to the ABG blueroof system was calculated (delivered from ABG’s factory based 25 miles away), and a carbon footprint saving of 59% was estimated. The reduction in construction emissions was deemed particularly important given the site’s proximity to the Royal Hallamshire Hospital.The 108mm ABG blueroof system design was fitted over a 4,500m2 roof catchment area by the ABG Installs team over a period of 8 weeks. The inverted roof system build-up includes a 245mm XPS insulation installed onto the waterproofing with a Water Flow Reducing Layer (WFRL) above. The ABG Deckdrain 4mm geocomposite drainage layer is installed above a 100mm void former, wrapped in a Terrex NW20 geotextile layer to prevent debris entering the drainage voids. The roof build-up is completed with a surface finish combination of stone ballast and 63mm pavers.For the majority of the year, the roof drains into the rainwater outlets as normal, however during prolonged spells of heavy rainfall the void formers begin to temporarily attenuate the stormwater. During storm periods the rainfall outflow rate is slowed using 13 stainless steel restrictor chambers, positioned above each rainwater outlet.This controls the volume of water that is able to discharge from the roof during the storm, minimising surface water run-off and reducing the risk of flooding in the local area. The system is calculated to only reach maximum attenuation volume during a 1-in-100 year storm event, as calculated using the Flood Estimation Handbook rainfall data for Sheffield, plus 40% allowance for climatic change. The system features an integrated overflow outlet in the event a storm occurs that exceeds this designed capacity.

The Greatham Managed Realignment Scheme was part of the Environment Agencies wider " Tees tidal Flood Risk Management Strategy" which imposed a legal requirement upon the Environment Agency to deliver intertidal habitats as compensation for the impact of flood management projects. The challenge was to construct embankments comprising predominantly of site won material. THe size, scale and nature of the works dictates a tight time scale was maintained to ensure rapid return to its natural state. ABGs Erosamat Type 3 was chose, comprising 3 dimensional structure and entangled filaments. Erosamat forms a permanent composite with the natural vegetative root structure supported.

Despite the challenges posed by completing construction and opening during the first lockdown, the new Skelton Lake Motorway Services project opened in March 2020 as planned, providing essential services to hauliers and key workers travelling during the start of the pandemic. The project incorporates an extensive green roof build-up to minimise the visual and physical impacts of the development on the surrounding country park and to enhance the biodiversity of the project.The wildflower green roof design provides multiple environmental benefits; including provision of a new habitat for local insect and bird life, helping to lower the site’s carbon emissions by absorbing heat emitted from the building into the cooler roof surface - reducing the air conditioning demand in the summer months. The green roof build-up also provides a level of insulation against heat loss in winter. 

The Green Roofs Consultancy report looked to the provision of Green Bio diverse roof to address the need to encourage additional species. The ABG Green Bio diverse Roof System includes a mixture of plug planted sedum, cuttings and seeded annual and perennial wildflowers. ABG Roofdrain was used as a reservoir and drainage base layer to optimise water retention and prevent ponding. Special provisions were made to create hibernicula for local endangered species. The roof will benefit the building by providing additional insulation and reducing noise pollution.The roofs substrate filters out dust and pollutants helping improve the environment nearby

The challenge was to incorporate a green roof finish both flat and curved to the roof areas. The roof pitch being as steep as 45 degrees in places, a pitch not conducive with a green roof system. ABG used their expertise in green roof and slope stabilisation to make the curved green roof possible. The system incorporated a series of anchor points, reinforcement geogrid (Trigrid), and geocellular technology (Erosaweb) to retain growing medium on each roof. The Green Roof system incorporates a SMART rain sensor and automated irrigation pipe system with each finger haveving its own dedicated mains operated tank

Raithwaite Hall is a 5 star, 45 bed boutique hotel set in 85 acres of wooded valleys within the North Yorkshire Moors National Park. The hotel offers terraced views of the landscape and across the Whitby coastline. A new extension was designed that is built against the hillside with stepped landscaped areas around the new building and an intensive green roof terrace to help blend the structure in with the surrounding gardens.The intensive green roof terrace is installed directly above a new function and dining room and required a specialised design to accommodate the additional loading and provide the necessary drainage for the turf lawn.     By utilising a multi-purpose geocomposite roof drainage board, the green roof system could be achieved to meet the project specific requirements. The ABG Deckdrain 2540S-NW20XUV product offers a lightweight option that delivers the equivalent drainage capacity of 300mm of drainage stone in a 25mm layer that weighs over a 100 times less per square metre. The lightweight drainage layer is supplied in rolls and is fast to install and move into position. The Deckdrain layer includes an integrated filter geotextile bonded to the top of the cuspated core. This prevents the growing media layer from intruding into the drainage void and filters the soil to prevent clogging. The Deckdrain is made from a high strength HDPE core that supports the 200mm deep layer of growing media required for the intensive green roof installation with deeper root systems. The underside of the product is impermeable and provides additional protection to the liquid waterproofing membrane. A green roof surface finish further helps to prolong the lifespan of the waterproofing layer and prevent UV degradation. The large grassed area on the podium also reduces surface water run-off and the grass is protected against waterlogging via the efficient drainage board layer. The shallow drainage build-up required also reduces the height of the steps onto the terrace and the associated cost of stone flags. The completed installation encompasses a 20mm Roofdrain drainage & reservoir board to support a secondary smaller sedum roof area, as well as Deckdrain layers installed for structural drainage to the surfaces around the patio slab and retaining wall areas.ABG provided a full green roof project design, installation and maintenance service for the project.

The Quartermile development is a cosmopolitan mix of luxury apartments, cafes and businesses in the heart of Edinburgh city centre. The masterplan for the new area is designed by Foster + Partners and enjoys views of some of Edinburgh’s greatest landmarks. The access to the new building (adjacent to the old Edinburgh Royal Infirmary site) is elevated from the North Meadow Walk pedestrian walkway and cycle route. The pathways and landscaped areas in front of the development needed a structural drainage solution and reinforced turf area that would be suitable for trafficking by maintenance and emergency vehicles when required.ABG’s high strength Roofdrain 60S+RX geocomposite was specified to provide sub-surface drainage across the base of the podium deck. The drainage board provides a high flow capacity void to channel water pressure to the surrounding perimeter drains. By utilising a 60mm drainage layer the need for much deeper and harder to install drainage stone layers can be minimised. The carbon footprint for the product is just 3.3 kgCO2e per m2 which is an approximate 50% saving compared to the embodied carbon of quarrying, transportation and installation of the equivalent thickness of drainage aggregates. Once installed the Roofdrain core is filled with pea gravel to provide a rigid sub-base beneath a bedding layer and resin bound gravel pathways. The drainage core features regular perforations to allow surface water to percolate and drain to the underside of the board. Adjoining rolls can be easily overlapped with the cups designed to slot  into one another. The Roofdrain was overlaid with a Terrex NW9 geotextile to prevent fines entering the drainage core. The Roofdrain can be stepped to cascade into lower sections to suit the landscaping layout. The main green area to the front of the building was cultivated using the Advanced Turf reinforced grass system. The Netlon Advanced Turf System (Netlon ATS) is a high performance, mesh-element reinforced natural grass rootzone system that provides a SuDS compliant free-draining grassed surface. It consists of a high quality, sandy soil rootzone into which thousands of playing card sized polypropylene Netlon plastic mesh elements are pre-blended. The composite mesh reinforced rootzone and selected turf are then delivered to site as a system. ATS was specified for this development to support loading by occasional MEWP vehicles such as cherry pickers, and in the event emergency vehicles need to traffic onto the grass.

The thirteenth century medieval stronghold Doune Castle, used as a filming location for Game of Thrones and Monty Python and the Holy Grail, was subject to a maintenance programme designed to improve the path network surrounding the castle. Celtic Historic Environment Scotland wanted to introduce a new stepped ramp from the main entrance road up to the Doune village footpath.The new elevation of this ramp required ABG Webwall as a curved solution that minimises the footprint of the slope compared to a stone alternative and blends in with the woodland surroundings. Webwall also provided a less carbon intensive option to hard landscaping materials. 

Quarry Bank is an old cotton mill in Cheshire, now operated by the National Trust it attracts large numbers of visitors daily. A permeable run off was required to allow the car park to be used without issue all year around as there had been problems with saturation previously. A solution was required without having to replace the first lift of soil that was already down. To stabilise the soft spots, Abweb back filled with the existing cappings meant further excavation was not required. Abgrid and Trigrid enabled the target CBR to be met with 30% less sub base needed.

In 2017 permission was granted for the redevelopment of an historic abandoned mill in Holmfirth into a restaurant and cookery school. It was soon clear the ground to be used for parking needed stabilisation. To completely dig out the area would have been costly and there was little time for unplanned work. ABG offered a stabilisation combination. Terrex SNW geotextile layer replaced the 50mm sand binding. Abgrid was used as a basel stiffening layer and Sudsweb tied to the grid with Abfix ties. Stone was then compacted ready for ABG permeable paving (see SuDS permeable paving Sudspave, Devour, Holmfirth)

In 2017 permission was granted for the re-devlopment of an abandoned mill in Holmfirth into a cookery school and restaurant. The design required the car park to look as natural as possible but to withstand the manoeuvring of large delivery vehicles. ABG offered a re-engineered solution showing that a porous type 3 attenuation stone over the whole car park removed the need for expensive attenuation tanks. The main car park was covered in Sudspave interlocking pavers coloured to match the gravel. Truckcell was used for the turning area and filled with the same gravel for a natural finish.

In Line with Cambridge County Councils renewable Energy Development Programme. RES received consent to build the 13 turbine Wadlow Wind Farm. The site is in a sensitive ecological and archaeological location. It therefore meant the crane hard standings had to be sympathetic to the local environment without compromising the minimum bearing capacity of 200kpa. ABG Truckcell Porous Plastic Paving System was chosen. This was supported by a free draining sub base and seeded with an indigenous seed mix to blend with the local environment. Due to the rapid installation, grassed appearance and load bearing abilities Truckcell ticked all the boxes.

Quarry Bank MIll is an old cotton mill. Now operated by the National Trust it attracts large numbers of visitors daily to its attrections. The overflow car park quickly turns to mud currently being fit for purpose fields. A permeable surface was required however to allow for a permeable surface large tanks would be needed to store rain water infiltration. ABG Sudspave was chosen to provide a permeable surface and allow water to infiltrate. Sudspave can be quickly and easily installed and cut to size on site. Sudspave can be finished with either gravel or grass for a natural finish.

The New Hollies transport cafe has been serving drivers and travellers on Watling Street (A5) since 1933. The cafe has grown significantly and hundreds of HGVs visit each week creating a demand for robust, sustainable parking. Due to the high water table, permission was granted but with the restrictions to keep the water level at the pre development level. It became clear that permeable paving would meet the requirements. ABG Truckcell was used as surfacing with Terrex as a filtration textile. Truckcell is a heavy duty plastic paver able to withstand the forces exerted by multiple wheeled vehicles.

Following a successful park and ride facility in the west of the city and to reduce traffic further, an east park and ride facility comprising 1800 car parking spaces as part of a regeneration scheme. The park and ride design focused on sustainability and protecting local habitats. Due to restrictions on run off levels Cornwall council opted for Porous Paving. ABG Sudspave 40 permeable pavers were installed on free draining aggregate to enhance surface water drainage. Sudspave was supplied pre assembles for rapid installation. The panels can be filled with topsoil, gravel or seeded.

Cornwall Council identified a requirement for a Porous Paving system for a park and ride being built in the east of the city. The system would need to meet all planning limitations relating to run off and cope with coach overrun as well as being able to resist the forces exerted by manoeuvring HGVs. Truckcell is a highly effective source control system that manages storm water run off, as well as a cost effective SuDS compliant porous paving solution that facilitates rapid installation. Truckcell is manufactured using 100% recycled plastic and can withstand frequent HGV overrun

The newly redeveloped Heatherwood Hospital employs a total of 4,200m² of Sudsgrid 40 cellular pavers, filled with free-draining angular aggregate to provide 450 new parking spaces, delineated by yellow markers. ABG’s sub-base design utilises the unique Abgrid geogrid to reduce the thickness of DoT Type 3 stone required for structural stability, and through the use of the ABG Terrex NW non-woven geotextile layer, an additional stage of treatment was provided for the infiltrating water.ABG’s permeable paving limits surface water run-off and minimises the risk of localised flooding, alongside, providing a shallower construction profile. Resulting in reductions in site excavation, off-site tipping, DoT Type 3 stone deliveries and the associated costs.

Yorkshire Sculpture Park at Bretton Hall estate is the largest of its kind in Europe with growing visitor numbers year on year. As a result the site suffered from insufficient parking with the site’s overflow areas becoming unsuitable with uneven ground prone to rutting, localised flooding and loss of traction. To combat the sloping, poorly drained site ABG provided a highly efficient SuDS drainage system, employing a combination of their Geogrids, Geotextiles, and Deckdrain, all in conjunction with the free-draining surface of the Sudspave 40 permeable paving system to resolve the access and parking issues for the 150,000 vehicles that visit each year.

When Brexit terms were finally decided in 2020, the end to the freedom and movement of EU goods was agreed to begin from the 1st January 2021. HMRC therefore required an Inland Border Facility to be urgently mobilised to perform the new series of checks required on HGVs crossing the UK Border at the Port of Dover and the Channel Tunnel. This site acts as a location for checking movements of goods inbound (Defra and HMRC) and outbound (HMRC only).Each location is to include parking areas for HGVs and other vehicles, with security measures and facilities to enable the checking of vehicles and goods entering and exiting the sites. There are also temporary office buildings, staff and driver welfare amenities.The design of the facility onto 48ha of former agricultural land was developed with a view to maintaining the landscape and biodiversity of the surrounding area and to screen views of the site from the local villages.Excavated materials were sustainably reused as part of this process in order to create bunds, whilst surface water drainage of the site is directed to local wildlife ponds and wetlands via 30,000 square metres of aggregate filled Truckcell cellular paving.The site is trafficked by up to 950 HGVs at any one time and provides a free-draining, sustainable and durable SuDS surface to withstand the traffic levels without damage or abrasion.Throughout the project, ABG’s in house technical team provided design guidance and site installation support for the customer. Truckcell is a heavy duty cellular paving system manufactured from 100% recycled and recyclable plastic, capable of sustaining frequent HGV loads up to GVW 60 and 10 tonne wheels loads. It can be filled with angular gravel (as was the case on this project) or topsoil and grass seeded, according to the application.

The Wave is a new inland-surfing lake, powered by 100% renewable electricity that provides the opportunity to surf all year round regardless of weather conditions or tides. The site’s entrance and car park suffered from boggy ground conditions following spells of wet weather and with approximately 2,750m2 of impermeable surfacing, there was limited potential for infiltration. The shuttle bus route between the main facilities and the car park is now surfaced with Truckcell 80 Permeable Paving blocks, filled with free draining angular gravel to allow rainwater to percolate down to the existing sub-soil.

From humble beginnings Newcastle Airport has grown vastly and expects 9.4m passengers annually by 2035. Increasing the capacity of the existing storage lagoons is needed to continue meet current and future airport requirements. Due to the high water table there is a risk ground water pressure would cause uplift of pond liners. ABG Pozidrain was recommended to remove any uplift, manage groundwater and allow ground gases to escape. Due to being puncture resistant it also protected the liner. The multiple functions of Pozidrain removed the need for imported stone reducing vehicles to site by 200 and increasing material savings.

Part of the planning consent for Centerparcs included a roundabout and the creation of cycle bridleways. The aim to complete the work using a method sympathetic to the environment whilst avoiding damage to the tree roots. ABG Abweb TRP has a three dimensional cellular structure which when filled mitigates the vertical load pressure on the sub soils. The Abweb TRP cells act as a permanent form work to the road surface.In this no dig solution water and nutrients can flow into underlying soil allowing trees to flourish.

The local council was tasked with constructing a footpath within a restricted area allowing safer access to a busy health centre. It was important to maintain the natural green appearance. A retaining wall was required and had to be quick and easy to erect with minimal disruption. ABG Webwall was chosen as the solution. The Webwall was quickly constructed using 4m x 1m panels which were filled with soil from the excavation and cutting. The wall was replanted to restore an naturally green appearance. Webwall was built in a quick cost effective way to create an environmentally friendly retaining wall