"heat recovery systems"

Clickfix sculpts the light in royal art & design studioBrett Martin supplied the polycarbonate panels used to glaze the striking northlights in the roof exhibition space in the new Battersea campus of the Royal College of Art, London which the college described as ‘the most significant campus development in their history’The architects brief was to bring together art, design, science and technology in one place and the building has been certified as BREEAM excellent.Marlon Clickfix pans across 2 vertical sections in the top floor of the 4-storey Studio Building dedicated to traditional art and design disciplines.The product was selected due to its ease of installation, thermal insulation and high levels of natural light which allows for large, glazed areas. The bright space and the sheer size of the glazing in this building illustrates the benefits of the product wonderfully and as stated by the guardian “The space beneath the big triangular skylights is glorious”. 

With the opening of 2 new fulfilment centres, Gousto required multiple washroom facilities that could accommodate their growing workforce and can withstand constant daily use.

The increased levels of thermal insulation found within the roof voids of a modern house is intended to reduce the amount of heat that is lost from the warm living spaces of the property over time. However breaks in this insulation layer, such as through the loft access door, will severely compromise its effectiveness. This editorial explains how to avoid losing heat in the loft space and therefore losing money.

The manufacture and installation of the 300 Optima casement windows was awarded to longstanding Profile 22 Approved Window Contractor Select Windows. The project was part of the Nehemiah Housing Project, which is designed to build successful, sustainable and diverse communities by providing housing in a culturally sensitive way to their tenants. Profile 22’s Optima system fitted the bill perfectly. It is an award-winning 70mm system that delivers superior thermal efficiency thanks to features such as a 6-chambered outerframe and 5-chambered sash and unique innovations such as additional centre seals.

To protect exhibits housed within this magnificent Georgian building, Selectaglaze designed and installed single hinged casements incorporating Anti-UV glazing and multi-point locking accredited to “Secured by Design”. Other design considerations included a paint finish matching the surrounding décor and maintenance of clean lines via flush hinges and a flush lock. The secondary glazing blends imperceptibly with the monumental sash windows with no additional sight lines to mar the spectacular views. The double window system also proves high levels of sound insulation and the inclusion of a low emissivity coating to the glass markedly reduces heat loss.

To operate at optimum capacity, the Ricoh Arena required a floor access solution to reach under floor services carrying water, drainage, electricity and data to internal and external leisure amenities. Staff at the arena also needed to carry out regular checks on under soil heating, sprinkler systems and floodlighting. Howe Green’s 7500 Series floor access covers were selected to provide safe and easy access to the concealed services. Fitted quickly and unobtrusively with the Terrazzo flooring used throughout the stadium complex, the covers are double-sealed to meet the highest standards of hygiene and security.

P C Henderson's Rustic 80 sliding barn door hardware has recently been specified for a home renovation of a period property in Kent. The 11 month renovation included a complete rewire, full house re-plaster, a full damp-proof course, new heating and plumbing system and a new kitchen and bathroom. The couple also required some sliding door hardware for the properties bedroom and bathroom doors. Our Rustic sliding barn door hardware was identified as the best solution for the project due to its beautifully crafted barn style hangers and rustic effect.

Single-pipe hot water distribution systems were designed for the new acute inpatient hospital in Wakefield and new diagnostic and treatment centre in Pontefract. 25km of RAYCHEM HWAT-M self-regulating heating cables was used, supported by RAYCHEM HWAT-ECO controllers. The single-pipe design and simplicity of the RAYCHEM installation dramatically eased the modular fabrication process. Fully traced and insulated pipe modules were assembled off-site and delivered to meet strict schedules for connection. Pipe freeze protection for external pipework was provided by some 10 km of RAYCHEM WinterGard self-regulating cables.

Riverside age exclusive housing in Grantham is using aluminium boxing from the Pendock Profiles range to conceal pipework installed as part of South Kesteven District Council’s programme of heating system upgrades.Originally built in 1980, Riverside provides 50 one & two bedroomed flats, and the metal boxing covers both horizontal and vertical pipe runs across the front and sides of the buildings as well as the point where they enter each flat. The Pendock metal pipe boxing is bespoke manufactured from 2mm thick aluminium and incorporates Incorporating a PPC RAL 9005 black finish.

The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre at Sydney Harbour in New South Wales, Australia and is one of the 20th century’s most famous and distinctive buildings. The roof was created to resemble the sail of boats, this creative and very unique roof made it one of the most photographed buildings in the world. Interfloor was proud to supply 11,000 sqm of our Technics 5 underlay to all the carpeted public areas in this building. Duralay Technics 5 was chosen due to its superior flame retardancy, sound insulation properties & durability. With an End Use Classification (BS 5808: 1991: HC/U) of Heavy Contract Use, Technics 5 has an excellent recovery from compression which is essential as the building attracts nearly 11 million visitors each year! Not only is Technics 5 great for heavy footfall but it also acts as a sound reduction for both impact sound and airborne sound, so for commercial buildings like the Sydney Opera House, having underlay that also acts as sound reduction can really boost performance.

Products from F. Ball and Co. Ltd.’s System LVT range, including the company’s fast-track, fibre-reinforced transitional adhesive, Styccobond F58 PLUS, have been used to install luxury vinyl tiles in an ambitious, modern self-build property in rural Cambridgeshire.Flooring contractors began by thoroughly vacuuming the building’s concrete subfloor to remove dust and debris. F. Ball’s technical service team recommended treating the subfloor as a newly installed screed for the purposes of moisture management, despite being installed months earlier, as it had been left exposed to the elements since. Therefore, Stopgap F77 waterproof surface membrane was used to create a barrier to prevent excess subfloor moisture attacking adhesives and floorcoverings, potentially causing floor failure.Once the waterproof surface membrane had cured, the surface was primed using Stopgap P141. Stopgap 300 HD heavy-duty levelling compound was then applied over the entire ground floor to create a perfectly smooth base for the receipt of floorcoverings. The product’s high compressive strength and excellent self-levelling properties help create a flawless finish when installing LVTs, while ensuring a long-lasting, aesthetically pleasing floor finish even when subject to high levels of wear.The contractors then used Styccobond F58 PLUS and Styccobond F49 Hybrid PS temperature tolerant, moisture resistant, pressure sensitive adhesive to install wood-effect LVTs over the 372m2 area. Styccobond F49 was used where floor-to-ceiling windows were likely to cause temperatures to rise significantly as a result of solar gain.Styccobond F58 PLUS was used to install vinyl tiles everywhere else. The fast-track adhesive enables floorcoverings to be installed from as little as five minutes after application, transitioning from a wet-lay adhesive to become fully pressure sensitive. Reinforcing fibres in the formulation provide resistance to lateral movement, holding tiles firmly in place and reducing the potential for them to slide around when working. The adhesive’s high bond strength and strong initial tack also prevent excess adhesive oozing between joints, facilitating easier application.All of the products used in this installation feature in the F. Ball System LVT range: subfloor preparation products and adhesives which, used in combination, can help achieve optimum results when installing LVTs.Commenting on the project, Richard Argyle of 4 Floor Fittings, said: “It’s the best screed I’ve ever done. The levelling compound had no imperfections whatsoever. Styccobond F58 PLUS allowed floorcoverings to be installed over large areas in one go while helping with the precise alignment of LVTs. The result is a visually striking finish in keeping with the rest of the project.”

Client: Bruntwood Estates Specialist Contractor: Grade-2 Structural Repairs Main Products Used: Emseal SJS SystemThis busy, multi-storey, prime location, car park is located between Manchester United’s Old Trafford Football Stadium, Lancashire’s Old Trafford Cricket Ground and Trafford House, a 12-Storey commercial development. The businesses use the car park during the week and then it is reserved for MUFC fans on matchdays and weekends. The car park was undergoing scheduled structural inspection, when it was discovered that the traditional compression joints were failing in the wide structural movement joints on the access ramps. This meant they were now leaking and allowing water ingress, which could lead to damaging salt deposits on expensive vehicles, as well as potential corrosion and damage to the reinforced concrete decks and the structural frame itself. These joints needed to be made watertight and accommodate significant horizontal and vertical movement, as well as traffic impact and weathering. The engineers looked for a solution that could safely repair and seal the joints, but with only minimal ramp closure or downtime, and the Emseal SJS System was selected as the ideal solution, as it could be installed in just two short, phased closures at weekends, when there were no home games. In the first weekend, with only one lane closed, the failed compression joint was removed and the joint arrisses made good with fast setting resin, then on the next weekend closure, the bespoke lengths of Emseal SJS were installed with access only required from above.  

In 2015, Quinn London Ltd started the refurbishment of The Market Building, in Brentford which involved the conversion of Offices to residential dwellings as a ‘Material Change of Use’ project. Soundis provided acoustic solution options for this project, in order to ensure a cost effective Value Engineering Exercise, on behalf of the Main Contractor.As the 1st floor required a deep void system due to new soil pipes and waste pipes having to be installed along the corridor within the building for kitchens and bathrooms, it was agreed to utilise Soundis Cradle & Batten System. This provided a service void for the pipes of 300mm whilst the other areas of the floor were treated with the system at 80mm FFH. The Soundis cradle & batten acoustic floor was then overlaid with a Soundis a high quality, interlocking dry screed system gypsum fibreboard.The Soundis cradle & batten floor system has been installed on the existing concrete and existing timber structural floors to provide a level floor over the un-even sub-deck. The service void provided by Soundis cradle & batten system can be used for other flooring applications, such as underfloor heating.Our Cradle and Risers are manufactured from 100% recycled materials assisting to the sustainability targets of projects.

Chipping Homes specialises in building high quality, architecturally sensitive homes, which made the choice of contractors critical. This was especially the case for the window contractor – with over 300 windows required, getting the right look and feel for this element of the project was essential. The windows specified for the contract were Optima from Profile 22, the UK’s leading award-winning commercial window system. The fabrication and installation contract was awarded to Profile 22 Approved Contractor Kingfisher Windows, a leading manufacturer and supplier of windows, doors and conservatories.

Plaza 13 stands on a space previously occupied by an old industrial warehouse. A residential development designed by the Bueso-Inchausti & Rein architecture studio, this 3,566m² complex comprises 14 apartments spread over four floors, four of which are penthouses with private garden and swimming pool. In order to keep a flexible interior layout, Bueso-Inchausti & Rein decided to maintain a geometric uniformity in the complex, with a facade that is almost entirely glazed, fitted with the O-Box system as a solar control solution to optimize sunlight and heat.This was an ambitious and daring project aiming to create a distinguished product with clear floor heights of 3.5m. In this context, the Bandalux outdoor O-Box roller blind systems offer a simple and elegant esthetic solution for the facade, as well as exquisite solar control to create maximum comfort inside the spacious apartments with floor-to-ceiling windows.The O-Box technical blind has an attractive cylindrical box and an aluminum side guide that binds the fabric. To fulfill the project requirements, Bandalux developed a cylindrical handrail, which limits the run of the blind and creates the impression of a floating rail.The O-Box system works like a double skin for the apartment windows, ensuring an excellent compromise between thermal efficiency and visual comfort thanks to the Polyscreen 550 Pearl fabric with a 5% openness factor. A fabric with a high resistance to extreme weather conditions and chlorine which, from outside, contributes to significant energy savings in terms of heating and air conditioning inside. The Polyscreen 550 Pearl fabric is also easy to clean, as it can be simply wiped with a damp cloth, and no harmful elements are used during the manufacturing process.Bueso-Inchausti & Rein works in the field of architecture and urban planning, specializing in residential and tertiary projects. Its buildings are spread across Spain, Romania, USA, Mexico and Switzerland.

Wey Hill is a three-story building accommodating eight apartments located in Haslemere in the borough of Waverley in Surrey. Demolition of the existing warehouse was authorised to build this 570m² development, consisting of two one bedroom and six two bedroom apartments, located 12 miles from Guildford.Cellecta’s Mojave S2-10 was specified by Landmark Estates for its high-performance underfloor heating system that offers a dry and robust floor build-up from one source.XFLO FF boards are manufactured to suit the pipe diameter and spacing required to achieve the desired thermal output.Vero Developments were awarded the contract to erect this development.

Resin flooring systems from Sherwin-Williams for food and drink manufacturing areas are seamless, strong, slip-resistant and safe for pedestrian traffic. Textured products including FasTop TG69 are independently tested as having low slip potential when tested with the TRRL Pendulum method promoted by the Health & Safety Executive.In order to reduce the impact on daily operations and allow food production to continue, FasTop TG69 is low odour and can be installed as quickly as possible in line with fast-track programmes to avoid disrupting manufacturing procedures as much as possible.This flooring system can withstand high temperatures, thermal exposure to reflective heat from ovens, as well as heavy impact, heavy machinery and equipment, and a high volume of footfall. It can also resist particularly harmful chemicals used as part of the Clean-In-Place CIP process such as caustic soda, nitric and phosphoric acid.

Architect: Austin-Smith:LordInstaller: Lacunar LtdProduct: Gustafs Panel SystemOver 400m2 of Gustafs Panel System was installed to the walls of the Birmingham Royal Ballet during their £2.7m refurbishment in 2015. Acoustic panels were installed to two ballet rehearsal studios as well as the new informal performance space.In addition to the visual refurbishment of the space; the regeneration project aimed to improve the facility by upgrading the lighting, heating and ventilation, and accessibility, as well as improving administration and welfare areas.A mix of of SM5 and SM8 mini slotted acoustic perforations as well as nano acoustic perforations were used on the Birch, Oak, and White laminate faced panels. Slotted perforation styles give an elegant and dramatic finish to the panels whilst Nano perforations are almost invisible on the face of the panel, all three options provide up to Class B acoustic performance.

Glazing Vision worked closely with Architect, A R C Architecture Ltd, and Contractors, Matrod Frampton Ltd, on this incredible project located in Lymington, Hampshire, where the client was looking for their new pool room extension to include a large, flat rooflight, creating a peaceful and naturally lit room, perfect for a relaxing swim. They were also looking for a rooflight within the loft area of the home to allow natural daylight and ventilation to the space.Glazing Vision’s Flushglaze Fixed Multipart Rooflight in Slate Grey Matt was specified for the roof of the pool house, which was an impressive 3800mm x 10360mm in size, which almost mirrors the size of the swimming pool below.Bespoke glass was selected for this particular project. The double-glazed outer pane was made up of heat soak tested, toughened glass which offers a greater resistance to thermal stresses and provides better protection against glass breaking, reducing risk of injury, essential with a pool directly below.Argon gas filled the space between the panes of glass which helps insulate the room and minimises the transfer of heat through the glass along with a black warm edge spacer which is an insulating plastic composite material that becomes a barrier to heat loss.The inner pane consisted of heat soak tested, toughened, PVB laminated glass which prevents glass shattering under impact by holding the shards together on the membrane so they cannot become lethal, and includes a soft coat low E rating of 1.1, helping with the energy efficiency of the room by reducing energy costs.The product was tested to class 1 in accordance with CWCT TN66/67 which is essential for rooflights which might be walked on for occasional cleaning/ maintenance activities, and which will therefore need to support both the weight of people on the glass and their equipment, which may be required on this occasion.The rooflight was supplied in 6 sections with internal back-to-back angles at the joints between each section. The 6 sections were sized to achieve an equal split when viewed from underneath.Our Skydoor Electric Hinged Access Rooflight was specified on the roof of the loft space which is ideal for ventilation and regular access, and offers natural daylight to the space below. Intelligent actuators ensure synchronized operation between the two supporting mechanisms, so the Skydoor opens to a maximum 87° in one fluid, trouble-free motion, providing you with easy access to the space above.The glass was a double-glazed unit comprising of a heat soak tested, toughened, soft coat low E (1.1) outer pane, with Argon Gas within the space between the panes and black warm edge spacer, with the inner pane consisting of heat soak tested, toughened, PVB Laminated glass, and was also tested to class 1.Both rooflights were expertly installed by our sister brand, Glazing Renovations.“Glazing Vision were helpful in explaining the two different upstands required for the different glazing systems. The installation team were helpful and carried out their work in a professional manor.” – Steve Davies, Site Manager, Matrod Frampton.

Every building requires a level of security. Whether it is high, medium or low risk is down to the individual business and what specific requirements they have.

In February of 2022, Towelrads embarked on a collaborative venture, joining a 36-month ongoing initiative aimed at retrofitting Cwmglas Primary School. To ensure minimal disruption to the school’s daily operations, this project has been thoughtfully divided into several stages.Stage 1The initial phase, designated as Stage 1, focused on the top floor of the school premises. Specifically, attention was directed towards the music education and nurture rooms situated on this level. A noticeable difference in temperature existed within these spaces, making them colder than other areas throughout the school. These rooms sported aging standing convector heaters, rendering them ineffective. Furthermore, the characteristics of the building’s construction, the room dimensions, and the heat load posed challenges that rendered conventional low surface temperature radiators insufficient.In response, the decision was made to utilise the Towelrad TZT convector heater equipped with an integrated fan. This selection proved suitable for the low-temperature wet heating system, offering an elevated heating capacity. Notably, the rounded edges of the TZT convector heater not only enhanced its aesthetic appeal but also elevated the safety of the products, rendering it an ideal choice for a school.The thermostat-controlled fan speed of the TZT convector heater ensured continuous and responsive temperature management within the room, promoting optimal thermal comfort.Although the solution was successfully implemented within the designated rooms, the challenge persisted in the corridors. Enter our Vertical and Horizontal LST Ultra Radiators, serving as the perfect antidote to this issue. Our Ultra LST radiators deliver impressive heat output while maintaining a low surface area. Moreover, their covers, measuring a substantial 2mm in thickness (above industry standards), guaranteed safety across the entirety of the top floor.The Future: Stage 2With the successful completion of Stage 1, marked by the seamless integration of our products into the design framework, we have been entrusted with an extension of our role into Stage 2. This forthcoming phase encompasses the lower floor of the school, encompassing the dining hall, corridors, and classrooms. This work will be carried out over the summer months so that come the start of the school term the students can tackle the winter months in a comfortable learning environment.

The Ascent Aluminium fixed ladder system was specified to create a permanent safe access route to the roof via a roof access hatch at Sheffield University Hoops were provided throughout for fall protection and the ladder was designed to BS 4211:2005 + A1 2008 and was manufactured in accordance with CE 1090 factory production control procedures. To assist the user when exiting on to the roof surface a ladder up post was included within the design. The ladder up post provides something for the user to grab hold of when both climbing out of & into the hatch, providing an additional level of user security.

When Alex and Wendy Corlett switched to a heat pump, they were delighted to discover an unexpected benefit…

👉 Client: Rathcorbally Construction👉 Insulation: baseTherm® 200👉 Floor Screed: Sudanit 280 Alpha Hemihydrate Floor Screed over UFH👉 Floor area: 880 m2baseTherm® is:👉 Seamless & void free👉 Without heat loss or cold bridges👉 Full encapsulation of services👉 No surplus & no waste👉 Levels the substrate = even thickness of screed👉 Even screed thickness = uniform heat

Client: University of Brighton Consultant: Stripe Main Contractor: Keir Construction Specialist Contractor Thelwell Flooring Main Products Used: Emseal DSM SystemThis new multi-storey car park for the University of Brighton is part of a major redevelopment of the former Preston Barracks site in the City. There are 550 parking spaces on 7 floors, including 55 EV charging bays, plus there is a PV array on the roof with the power stored in batteries on the ground floor, which also includes 330 cycle parking spaces. The car park design uses a Vertical Circulation Module (VCM) that provides a more efficient solution for confined sites, as this contains no external ramps and traffic circulation is via slopes within the floors themselves. This creates more parking spaces in the steel framed structure in the centre, with two lift and stair cores positioned at each end. This design also made it possible to locate the necessary structural expansion joints transversely between these 3 parts of the structure and away from major traffic impact areas. The engineers specified these joints to be a nominal 40mm wide to accommodate a high movement capability of up to +/- 50% (i.e. total 100%), as they knew these could be quickly, securely, and durably sealed using the Emseal DSM System. This also saves time on site as it is installed from above, allowing other trades to continue working below, plus as it is bonded into position, there is no potentially damaging drilling for mechanical fixings.

Reflex Multisport was supplied and installed at the prestigious Eton College.758m2 Multisport Ash floor with underfloor heating.

The client here had a small space that they wanted to use to create a wetroom, wedi liaised directly with the designer and tiler to assist with the products used in the final installation. This includes a wedi "Slim Kit" and wedi "Top" material on the floor as the finished surface. wedi Top was utilised to keep the whole build-up as slim as possible as it offers anti-slip and mould resistance in a mere 6mm thickness without the need for grout lines and cleaning that you would have with a traditional tile.

Recognised by Ofsted as an Outstanding school, Lyons Hall’s success had resulted in the need for a new teaching block to meet the demand for extra places. The first phase required school toilets for the Early Years pupils and for washroom solutions for general use. As an existing client of Venesta washrooms, Award Winning RIBA Chartered Architects, Laurie Wood Assoicates, were confident of our ability to meet the standards set. Lollipop cubicles are designed specifically to meet the needs of young children. The range offers a fun design, great safety features and shaped doors to allow for discreet adult supervision.

“Staff and students have both been delighted with the outcome of the washroom renovation and plenty of positive feedback has been received. The door thickness and quality really helps to reduce vandalism and provides soundproof privacy for the students. I hope that the students will now take ownership and really look after the new washrooms. What’s more, the washrooms are now a much more open space, making it easier than ever for staff to supervise and oversee the areas.” - Jennifer Jewitt, Finance Director at South Hunsley Secondary School.

The Old Vic Theatre underwent a huge renovation project with the aim of making it an improved place for people to visit. The project included new 'accessible to all' washroom facilities.With space at a premium, it was decided that the existing male and female washroom areas would be changed into gender neutral toilets. Modern and minimal Unity toilet cubicles were specified for the new washrooms along with Rapiduct duct panelling. Read the full case study for more details.

Capital One recently turned their attention to breathing new life into their washrooms to give their staff the very best facilities throughout their office.Venesta Unity toilet cubicles were specified and complement the décor of the new washroom areas. Stylish, modern and easy to maintain the Unity toilet cubicles feature setback satin anodised aluminium pedestals fixed to the partitions for a contemporary floating appearance.The cubicles were specified in Solid Grade Laminate which is ideal for heavy use commercial washrooms.Read the full case study for more details.

Komatsu is one of the world leading manufacturers of construction, mining and utility equipment.Project/doors:Over 60 doors – Speedor Cleanroom, Speedor Storm, Electric Roller ShuttersThe challenge Safety and reliability are paramount in this highly efficient 200,000 sqm facility, which has produced over 60,000 units. Although only a small part of the building, industrial doors cause the biggest problems if they are not designed with the environment and usage in mind. The solution As a British manufacturer, Hart provides Komatsu with a first-class service, offering support and parts when required and due to the reliability of the doors, maintaining the safe, efficient running of the facility. Each Hart door is made to measure and each safety device and activator is fitted to suit specific areas, giving Komatsu a safe and secure working environment for its employees The success Komatsu and Hart began their relationship in the 80’s with the installation of one of Harts earliest prototype Speedors. Due to the success of the door, 4 Speedors and 4 roller shutters were installed in 1992. Over the years, Hart has installed over 60 doors to the facility, only recently replacing some of the original doors installed in 1992. The Review:“Good customer services and support.” Scott Atkinson, Komatsu, UK

Visitors are greeted into Reynaers Knowledge Centre through an automatic door beneath a sleek cantilever running the length of the building. They enter into a double-height showroom and reception area and can travel up the stairs on to a viewing platform overlooking the showroom. This allows guests to experience a true representation of the scale and quality of the products on display, including multi-level curtain walling, bifolding doors and accessible windows.

THE PROJECTTo help with the remodel of Poppenpohl Groups studio on Wigmore Street London we provided a replacement awning for their shopfront. The studio houses luxury kitchens for high-end projects, offering consultations and design services for clients across London and surrounding areas.THE CHALLENGETo match the design used in the remodeling each patio awning needed to be the same colour and be as discrete as possible once closed to match the buildings facade.THE SOLUTIONThe Weinor N2000 patio awning was chosen due to the fact it could be recessed into the building facade, and because it’s angular design lent itself well to the aesthetic of the shopfront. The project required two awnings with widths of 4400mm and 3500mm, and matching projections of 1500mm. The finish was anthracite with a dark grey fabric colour which matched the studios branding and overall impression of the building.

The Award-winning housing developers, Autograph Homes, required a sustainable paving source and wanted to create a generous size resin bound access road that provides a relaxed, natural feel to welcome residents to their homes.

Designed by Bond Bryan architects, the Danum Gallery, Library and Museum is a bold and ambitious restoration of four existing buildings to form a single cultural hub. The focal point is the restored frontage of a former Victorian school encased by Senior’s SF52 aluminium curtain wall to form a stunning façade showcasing the exhibit, which looks even more dramatic when lit up at night. SF52 curtain walling was chosen for its slim sightlines, which allow extensive views of the building’s restored period features and its enhanced thermal performance which helps improve overall energy efficiency.