"structure"

Kids Planet Day Nurseries currently provides childcare for over 7,500 children across their 54 settings in the North West and Midlands.Last September, the nursery opened a new setting in the commercial hub at the centre of the new Winnington Urban village housing development.Twinfix were approached by principal contractor Short Construction to design, manufacture and install two Brise Soleils for the nursery.The Brise Soleils served two purposes, while providing additional shelter in conjunction with the canopy over the play area and the entrance to the building, they also enhanced the aesthetics of the area and complemented the building’s exterior.The South West elevation spans 14 metres and the North East elevation spans 17 metres. Both structures comprise of 200mm ellipsoid aluminium blades, every 300mm and are 3m and 4m height. The aluminium is powder coated to RAL 7016 Anthracite Grey.The structures were installed in time to protect students and staff from the summer sun this summer and for years to come.

In the west district of the Dutch town of Wallwijk an innovative multifunctional structure was recently built, combining residential and commercial spaces in a single project of contemporary design.Atlas Concorde outdoor porcelain stoneware tiles were selected for the architectural design, providing the look of natural stone and excellent technical properties.The Dutch complex includes private homes, apartments and a health and wellness center.The outdoor spaces and walkways in the green areas of the modern Dutch structure feature Trust 2 cm thick stone-effect porcelain stoneware tiles. LASTRA 20mm is the Atlas Concorde outdoor project that includes a wide selection of surfaces perfect for both commercial and residential contemporary outdoor spaces.For the Koetshuis project, the LASTRA 20mm version of the Trust collection in Titanium shades combines the extraordinary aesthetic power of the look and detail of faithfully reproduced split stone and exceptional technical performance. Thanks to Atlas Concorde, the outdoor walkways in the heart of the garden and the outside area surrounding the hotel are safe surfaces, both slip-resistant and resistant to weathering. 

We completed this large redevelopment of this school’s playground in Ealing, West London, over the summer holidays. The teachers were looking for two separate zones for older and younger children, with the junior zone to feature challenging, stimulating equipment .The Lappset Motoric Track acted as a perfect centrepiece for the area, being able to entertain large numbers of users for busy break and lunch times. The 6 tower structure features interlinked climbing nets, rope bridges, fireman’s pole, a large slide, climbing panels, and much more, giving hours of endless fun. A space net climbing frame is positioned adjacent to the track, providing additional climbing and challenge for older aged children.The younger age zone is comprised of an exciting multiplay structure, natural themed trim trail, and two crawl tunnels under earth mounds.The equipment was constructed from glue laminate timber and green panelling, to blend in with the treelined surroundings of the play area. For the surfacing elements of the works, artificial grass was selected, to compliment the natural aesthetic. 

Client: Durham County Council Main Contractor/Manufacturer: Retro Bridge Specialist Contractor: St Astier Consulting Contractors Main Products Used: Emseal BEJS SystemThe Witton Park Road Bridge near Bishop Auckland crosses the River Wear at the same place as the historic Witton Park Railway Viaduct, but at different angles. The main central bridging structure was being replaced as the old structure had deteriorated and become structurally unsound. The new prefabricated replacement section of the bridge is a Retro Beam Bridge design, made from thermally galvanised steel for long term durability and is 64 metres long, with a single-lane road carriageway plus a cycle path. The new bridge section was installed in just 3 days through the Victorian brick arches of the Viaduct by Retro Bridge. Then the teams from Durham County Council and St. Astier Consulting Contractors were able to work on the bridge deck expansion joints at each end, to ensure that these had an equally durable, watertight seal. To do this quickly and efficiently, as well as ensuring the long-term durability of the exposed joints, they selected the Emseal BEJS System provided and supported by NCC (Movement Joint Systems). The Emseal BEJS System can handle harsh environmental conditions and has greater movement capability, better low temperature flexibility and higher temperature stability than other joint movement technologies. In a single installation, BEJS provided a watertight durable seal, with a joint movement capability over 100%, including 3-dimensional movement, plus it required no invasive mechanical anchoring as it is bonded in position.

An impressive basement extension, housing a swimming pool and sauna, required a robust waterproofing solution at this large country home.Newton Specialist Contractor Stonehouse were brought onto this large residential project to waterproof an underground extension including a swimming pool and sauna. Set in a small village in Berkshire, the impressive countryside home was designed by architects Spratley and Partners.For the new below-ground structure, Stonehouse were required to install a failsafe and maintainable waterproofing system that would completely protect the luxurious basement from unwanted water ingress.Ensuring that the project was fully compliant with BS 8102:2009, Stonehouse recommended a combined waterproofing solution using a Type B reinforced and water-resistant concrete structure designed to BS EN 1992, combined with a full Type C internal cavity drain membrane system.As the most reliable and completely maintainable Type C waterproofing solution, the Newton CDM System was the ideal choice for this structure. Firstly, Newton 508 membrane was securely fixed to the internal walls of the basement using Newton's specialist MultiPlug fixings.Any water that is captured by the membrane is then drained away with Newton Basedrain channels, and pumped out of the property using a Titan-Pro sump chamber fitted with two NP400 pumps and supported by a failsafe battery back-up system.As an extremely experienced waterproofing contractor, Stonehouse were able to confidently recommend, design and install a comprehensive and truly failsafe waterproofing system that will protect the property from unwanted water ingress for many years to come. Stonehouse also provided complete peace of mind by offering a 10-year guarantee on the installation.

When Liverpool’s leading specialist heart and chest hospital trust wanted to set-up a drive through COVID-19 testing facility, Twinfix were approached by Actua to find a solution to provide shelter within their client’s COVID 19 testing pick up points.The area was a small courtyard and the proposal was to create a turning circle where vehicles could drive in and pick up their testing kit and drive out, the canopy would provide shelter for the vehicles whilst doing so.There were further complications as the area is also used for general hospital deliveries therefore meaning the height of the canopy needed to facilitate lorry/wagons.With the hospital’s requirements in mind, Twinfix designed two bespoke structures spanning a total of 82 sqm:Section 1: Free standing duo-pitch canopy completely independent of the building·Section 2: Wall mounted lean-to mono-pitch canopy with vertical glazed screen to side & front elevation.Section 1 comprised of galvanised steel posts with upper aluminium sub-frame roof, whereas, the full structure of Section 2 was manufactured in aluminium.Both structures were fitted with our non-fragile Multi-Link-Panel roof-glazing system glazed with 25mm clear polycarbonate.Joe Astley, Capital Projects Officer at LHCH commented: “The trust is very pleased with the services received. From a quick turnaround in manufacturing to a trouble free and speedy installation, Twinfix did a great job at LHCH.”These canopies not only look great, but also utilise the outdoor space providing shelter for patients and staff throughout the testing process.

Alexander Stadium, a 41-acre athletics venue located in Birmingham and home to the 22nd Commonwealth Games was redeveloped to create a world-class venue for diverse sporting, leisure, community, and cultural events.PPG Johnstone's Trade coatings were used to update the internal and external exposed steel structures and the stadium’s different walking and circulation areas including the concourse areas.

As a sign of the Bund Renaissance, White Magnolia Plaza stands on the side of Pujiang River in Shanghai, towering 320 metres, making it the number one skyscraper in the Puxi district. This imposing building and its steel structure demanded exceptional anti-corrosion solutions, ensuring ‘bone health’ of the new landmark in the North Bund. Jotun had the coating technology to make this happen.

Contemporary Glass Structures were selected to manufacture and install a flush glazed mirror door into a 4th-floor terrace glass façade as part of extensive renovations of a commercial office building in the heart of Manchester’s professional district. Drawing on their experience in the fenestration industry Contemporary offered a bespoke solution and specified the Kestrel Aluminium residential door system as the base for the project.

The Gloucester Gateway M5 motorway services created a new sustainable standard in an area of outstanding natural beauty. The structures are built into the undulating hills softened with organic forms and green roofs. An ambitious landscaping solution required ACO to create a Sustainable Drainage System controlling rainwater run-off, while providing a high-quality habitat for wildlife to flourish.

The Manchester Engineering Campus Development at a cost of around 400 Million GBP, is a seven-year project that will deliver a new home for engineering at The University of Manchester.As one of the largest construction projects undertaken by an institution in the UK, at over 76,000m², including a basement structure in excess of 13,000m² MECD is designed to provide the engineering community with a new campus in the heart of Manchester in 2021

The front garden consisted of the typical grass, a narrow footpath, and shrubs. It was prepared prior to arrival removing all elements including the soil which was made level and topped with a free-draining compacted stone, this is the required substrate for SureSell. Once the cellular structure is in place it's filled with loose stone and then suitable for a final layer of smooth yet permeable resin bound paving.

This stunning bespoke stone staircase, created from La Roche limestone, forms part of a large project that Stoneworld have collaborated on: After digitally templating the bare concrete structure onsite, individual step treads and step risers have been cut on the water jet cutter in our masonry factory. These have then been expertly fitted by the contractor.

ASF manufactured these recycled cast iron bollards as pavement demarcation on this busy bridge. The bollards look particularly good as they follow the natural catenary curve of the structure.These bollards were further enhanced for Le Grand Depart, when the Tour de France began in Yorkshire and this bridge was part of that route. The locals painted the bollards in the famous Le Tour jersey colours.

1500m2 of RoofDek D100 and D200 structural metal roof decking profiles were used to support the roof system of Hull’s Bonus Arena, a state-of-the art, music and events complex with up to 3,500 concert auditorium capacity that has the flexibility to adapt to a 2,500 all-seated event and 2,000m2 exhibition space plus 800 capacity conference auditorium.

Biotecture worked with Balfour Beatty Living Places and Southampton City Council to create a magnificent and welcoming feature on the Millbrook roundabout, a key gateway to the city. The UK's first highways living walls are also helping improve air qualityin Southampton. The ten freestanding living wall structures are situated below the Millbrook fly over, one of the city's busiest roads.

This case study highlights the successful implementation of Britmet’s flat-to-pitch conversion system, BritFrame, and lightweight metal roof tile, Slate 2000. The project, carried out by Jennings Roofing encompassed a total area of 500 square meters and aimed to improve the infrastructure of the existing roof. This case study examines the benefits, challenges, and outcomes of utilising Slate 2000. This case study highlights the successful implementation of Britmet's Slate 2000 roofing system and Britframe structural solution in a social housing project. The client, a new customer of Britmet, discovered the systems at the UK Construction Week (UKCW) exhibition. Impressed by the innovative design and features, the client expressed interest in utilising Britframe for a flat-to-pitch conversion project in their social housing development. The client is a housing association responsible for managing and maintaining a portfolio of social housing properties. They were seeking an effective solution to address various issues with one of their buildings, including an ageing roof with multiple repairs, inadequate insulation, and inefficient rainwater management. The objective was to enhance the building's aesthetics, improve water tightness, increase energy efficiency, and minimize future maintenance requirements. The initial meeting between the client and Britmet took place at the UKCW exhibition, where the client became acquainted with Britframe, a lightweight and versatile structural solution. Intrigued by its potential, the client arranged for an on-site visit to further assess the feasibility of utilising the Britframe and Slate 2000 roofing system for their project.Slate 2000 is a durable and aesthetically pleasing lightweight roofing material that offers long-term performance and weather resistance. It's stylish design and robust properties make it an ideal choice for enhancing the visual appeal and durability of roofs and cladding. During the initial site visit, Britmet's team evaluated the existing roof condition, rainwater management system, and insulation levels. After careful assessment, they provided the client with a budget price estimate for the proposed project. The estimate included the cost of materials, labour, and necessary ancillary items. To streamline the project, the client signed a Project Assist agreement with Britmet. This allowed Britmet to obtain planning drawings and submit the necessary applications on behalf of the client. Additionally, Britmet provided structural calculations, design drawings, and rainwater calculations to ensure compliance with regulatory standards and best practices. The main objective of the project was to convert the existing flat roof to a pitched roof using Britframe and install Britmet's Slate 2000 roofing system. This conversion offered numerous advantages, including improved water tightness, increased insulation, and resolved rainwater management issues. Notably, the internal gutters, which had caused maintenance problems, were relocated externally as part of the new design.Beyond functionality, the new roofing system and structural solution significantly enhanced the building's aesthetic appeal. The modern design of Britframe, combined with the stylish appearance of Slate 2000, seamlessly integrated the property with its surroundings. The improved visual aesthetics added value to the social housing development. One of the key benefits of choosing Britmet's Slate 2000 and Britframe was the assurance of minimal maintenance requirements. Unlike the previous roof covering, which had undergone numerous repairs and reached the end of its life, the new system was designed to be durable and long-lasting. This eliminated the need for ongoing maintenance and reduced future costs for the housing association.Through the adoption of Britmet's Slate 2000 roofing system and Britframe structural solution, the social housing project achieved its objectives of enhanced aesthetics, improved water tightness, increased insulation, and efficient rainwater management. The collaboration between the client and Britmet, from the initial meeting at UKCW to the successful implementation of the project, demonstrated the value of innovative roofing and structural solutions in the social housing sector.

This significant project was the restoration and extension of a 1976 Basil Spence building in the City of London. This original structure was designed for The Salters, an 800-year-old livery company. It combines post-war bold brutalism with a world of ritual and tradition and its associated memorabilia.InterLace designed, manufactured and installed electric roof blinds for the light and airy atrium, and hand-operated roller blinds in offices.

Transformation of a 1960's office block to a state-of-the-art student accommodation. Metal Technology’s System 17 Silicone pointed and High Rise curtain walling was used extensively thought-out the project. The end result is testament to System 17’s limitless flexibility and aesthetic appeal whilst meeting all structural requirements and delivering high levels of thermal and weather performance

Designed by architect Renzo Piano, the new Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Centre (SNFCC) in Athens has created homes for the National Library of Greece and Greek National Opera, which include a 1,400-seat auditorium. With significant steel structures involved, Nullifire SC902 Fast Track, On-Site Intumescent Steel Coating was used extensively to provide passive fire protection.

Designed by Cubo Arkitekter and Force4, the House of Disabled People’s Organisations Denmark’s new structure was conceived so that everyone – regardless of ability – could work and move freely within it.The building’s disability solutions had to be subtle enough to integrate into the architecture, and the d line Cut lever handle, created in collaboration with both Cubo and a group of occupational therapists, was one of the solutions chosen.

When specifying the most appropriate method of waterproofing for a new-build basement it is advisable to follow the recommendations within BS 8102:2009 ‘Code of Practice for Protection of Below Ground Structures Against Water from the Ground’. The standard advises on the types of waterproofing available and confirms the performance grade to be achieved. This project required Grade 3 protection – no dampness or water penetration acceptable.

When it comes to fitting a new loft hatch, whether it is a direct replacement or if you are looking to change the size of your current structural opening (hole in the ceiling), Trade Access Panels can provide bespoke insulated Loft Hatches for suit almost any requirement, including both Fire or Non-Fire Rated hatches and those with Youngman ladders or Zip-Ladders attached.

Installing a lift in a top floor apartment must not compromise the stability of the building. The installation of residential lift Cibes A5000 has minimal structural impact and requires very little construction work compared to a conventional lift. The lift shaft of the Cibes A5000 can be glazed on all sides, including the machinery side. Glass looks fantastic and preserves the light and airiness of the space.

Bayside Apartments is a stunning new development on Worthing's seafront. With a resident's lounge, communal courtyard space and spa, Bayside truly makes the most of its incredible seafront home. Taking inspiration from the coast, 'Bayside Vista' - the 15 storey structure is enveloped in swooping balconies with wood-grain tile, supported by Ryno RPF Fixed-Head Paving Support Pedestals.

Riverside Heights is a collection of contemporary six and seven storey apartment buildings in a Norwich riverside setting. Timber cladding on several flanks of these structures needed to be replaced with fire-safe facades which had to match those being removed as closely as possible. Rockpanel were able to fulfil the brief using five super-realistic surface designs from its Woods Collection. 

Manchester’s iconic Midland Hotel sits in the heart of the city centre and has been a well-loved retreat for visitors since opening its doors in 1903. Following decades of service to the city, the hotel had started to show signs of its age, with multiple areas of water ingress across the site that needed to be addressed, to preserve the building for years to come. It was essential for the hotel to remain fully operational during the roofing refurbishment, with minimal disruption to its customers.The original single-ply system had failed across the courtyard and atrium roofs, leading to the insulation becoming fully saturated with water. The metal deck’s structural integrity had also been compromised and a structural engineer was appointed to review the extent of the damage, to confirm the area as condemned and in need of immediate replacement.A bespoke Garland UK specification was designed to upgrade the insulation and U-Value of the hotel to comply with current regulations, remove ponding water on the roof systems with a new tapered insulation design and provide peace of mind to the building owners with a 25-year Garland Single-Point Guarantee.

Dedicated to the memory of John F. Kennedy, whose great-grandfather, Patrick, was born in the nearby village of Dunganstown, this arboretum near New Ross, County Wexford, contains a plant collection of presidential proportions. The Arboretum was established in 1968, following a visit by Kennedy whilst President to the area in 1963, and it covers 252 hectares and contains over 4,500 types of trees and shrubs from all temperate regions of the world. A visitor centre houses engaging exhibitions on JFK and on the Arboretum itself. The original structure at the heart of the Arboretum is a masterclass in timber post and beam construction, although the exposure to weather in the south of Ireland provoked some deterioration in the building fabric and to the original roof. PAC DESIGN STUDIO, Dublin, were appointed by the Office of Public Works to survey and establish a contract for fabric replacement and repairs to this beautiful structure, which were completed in 2021. The original roof was replaced and the new roof now features PREFA PREFALZ P.10 Dark Grey Standing Seam. A & A Quinn Roofing Solutions Ltd, Wexford, carried out the installation of the PREFA PREFALZ to the new roof.

Based at Manchester’s waterfront in Salford Quays, MediaCityUK Studio Block is the largest media development in the UK and will become centre for the world’s leading creative and digital businesses. The BBC is one of mediacity:uk’s anchor tenants and from 2011 it will be home to five BBC departments including two TV channels and two radio stations; three of them are Radio Five Live, BBC Sport and CBeebies.Many of the studios in the main Studio Block have Stravifloor Jackup jack-up concrete slabs to optimise the sound insulation between noise producing and noise sensitive spaces. These floating floors in combination with the structure of the studios being isolated off Stravibase SEB simple elastomer bearings delivering high performance box-in-box constructions.The TV studios built off the upper floors were built using a heavily damped concrete construction supported at 600mm centres using Stravifloor Deck isolation rails. In these studios the structure of the studios was built off the floating floors to create the box-in-box whilst providing very stable conditions for the TV cameras.

With the success of Media City, Manchester has now become the Media Centre of the UK and the best place to study for a job in TV, Film and Radio.Manchester Metropolitan University has built a brand new Media Facility with industry standard studios to allow them to teach students in the highest quality spaces.Our local branch was employed to design, supply and install the concrete floating floors for 12 studios.The 100 mm thick concrete floating floors supported the drylining walls and ceilings to create box-in-box constructions with very high standards of sound insulation.The 50 mm void beneath the 100 mm concrete floating floors was created using Stravifloor Channel isolation rails and the voids were vented to avoid the trapped air layer reducing the isolation performance.Most of the studios were supported off stiff structural slabs with a natural frequency of >10Hz and the specification for the bearings was given as <8Hz.One of the studios, however, was supported off a supporting slab with a natural frequency of 6Hz and the specification for the bearings was changed to 12Hz in this studio to avoid structural vibration amplification.

To fulfil the requirements of BS8102:2022 and BS 8485:2015+A1:2019 a strategy to develop a specification which combines structural waterproofing and ground gas protection were required for this refurbishment project.The project involved creating additional living space to an existing mid terrace Victorian property in W12. The site of the property, whilst not being located on contaminated land was identified as being potentially at risk, it was near what is classed as contaminated land (an old brick yard).To satisfy Building Control requirements gas protection measures were required to meet BS 8485:2015+A1:2019.Site investigations at former brickworks and landfill sites are within expected UK guidelines for contamination. Ground investigations incorporate both soil sampling, ground gas and groundwater monitoring.In accordance with Table 3 of BS 8485:2015+A1:2019 a residential building is classed as a Type A building, creating a “high risk” requirement for ground gas protection. With the structure requiring a Grade 3 habitable environment attention as required to offer a system which meets all requirements.

Kidwells Estate, on the outskirts of Maidenhead in Berkshire, is undergoing major regeneration involving seven new blocks, which are part timber clad and vary from three to six storeys of structural concrete frame. Long cantilever walkways that service multiple flats are a feature of the new development and the unusual design demands of the walkways presented a technical challenge.The solution required a relatively unusual combination of products and Schöck resolved the various issues by designing in its Isokorb® T type HP. It is a product utilised only if horizontal, tension and compression forces are present in the design and additionally it is necessary to integrate the Schöck Isokorb® T types Q-P as well, for linear or point connection to support high shear loads. Schöck Dorn type SLD Q50 heavy duty stainless steel dowels were also incorporated to enable the transfer of vertical shear forces and allow two directional lateral movements at the expansion joints. The result was a completely secure thermally insulated load-bearing connection at all of the restricted, but key structural points.

FOAMGLAS® READY BOARD T4+Design Architects: Kohn, Pedersen, Fox Associates – KPF London, Marcus BlanesMain contractor: SkansaConstruction: 2011Application: Compact Roof - FOAMGLAS® Ready Board T4+Finish: Umicore VM ZincThe roof level 41 of the Heron Tower (with a height of 120m) is designed to the most exacting standards for sustainability and efficiency.The building received the BREEAM rating of 'Excellent', with FOAMGLAS® thermal insulation being part of a green and energy efficient building. The roof is composed with FOAMGLAS® READY BOARD insulation and Umicore VM Zinc roofing as a durable finish.FOAMGLAS® insulation has the ability to withstand high structural loads and has developed a special fixing system for metal roofing.Square metal fixing plates are inserted into the upper surface of the insulation and covered with a waterproofing and a separation sheet.This is the perfect system to fully support metal standing seam roofing which is screwed to the metal plates without thermal bridging between the metal roof sheet and the building structure.

The design brief Our brief was to design, supply & install a gridshell rooflight that was like a ‘slice of the side of a rugby ball’. The perimeter structure would be provided, but we were to work with the project structural engineer in terms of providing thrust forces etc. The ChallengeTo create a visually impressive source of natural light in the new office extension for this global, research-driven pharmaceutical company embracing many cultures and diverse societies.The SolutionThis beautiful 12m x 6m fully self-supporting fixed glazing. Modelled using the glazing company’s 3D design software. The supporting members are a combination of 80mm x 120mm and 80mm x 80mm steel sections. The rooflight was fully fabricated off site and lifted into place as a single unit.Whether you’re at planning or construction stage why not see how we could help you add natural light and space to your commercial office space; you can call us on 01223 792244 or pop us an email via info@nextgenrooflights.co.uk outlining what help you need.

The ChallengePreston Primary School required cover for their outdoor play area so that their pupils could play outside in all weather conditions at their school in Devon. The school liked the appearance and practicality of the Coniston Wall Mounted Canopy, yet due to the fact that they did not want to fix a canopy to their existing building, they requested information on the free standing canopies available. They also had a fixed budget and therefore required a canopy that would fit into their budget without compromising on quality and size.The SolutionAble Canopies suggested the Grange Junior Free Standing Canopy as the ideal shelter solution for them due to its similar appearance to the Coniston Wall Mounted Canopy, and the fact it also shared many of the Coniston's benefits including its ability to be constructed to an unlimited length. As a free standing structure the Grange Junior does not need to be fixed to a building or other structure which matched Preston Primary school's needs. It benefits from a robust steel frame which is covered with polycarbonate roof panels that offer high UV protection from the sun, making this product ideal for an educational environment.

Client: Manchester Airport Group Architect: Pascall Watson Consulting Engineer: Burro Happold Main Contractor: Laing O’Rourke Specialist Contractor: Thelwell Flooring Main Products Used: Emseal SJS System and Emshield DSMThis new 9-storey car park with 3,800 spaces, was built as part of the £1 billion Terminal-2 redevelopment for Manchester Airport Group (MAG). To save time and space on site, the consultants used an innovative design, with a hybrid combination of steel delta beams and precast concrete, then on site the hollow-core precast floor slabs were topped with a 100mm thick reinforced concrete screed. To fully accommodate the anticipated levels of thermal movement and loadings in service, the engineers incorporated wide, high movement capability, structural expansion joints across the parking decks, between the different sections of the building. Given the dimensions of the deck joints (100mm) and the high movement capability required (100% = +/- 50%), with simultaneous exposure to the elements whilst under frequent heavy traffic, the joint sealing solution could only be specified as the Emseal SJS System. This unique structural expansion joint system easily accommodates high levels of movement in more than one plane, plus it has an integral coverplate to provide protection of the central movement section and the joint arrises. Importantly, the Emseal SJS is bonded into position with a structural epoxy adhesive from above, therefore requiring no access from below and enabling other works (e.g. M&E cable works etc.) to continue, plus as it is fully bonded, the SJS system requires no potentially damaging drilling into sound concrete to install mechanical fixings. In less trafficked wide joints at the perimeter, the Emseal DSM System was used, as a cover plate was not necessary.